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Losing Status: How Efforts to Revoke Legal Status are Impacting the U.S. Economy

In early 2025, an estimated 6.1 million immigrants had temporary protections.

Protections include Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), Temporary Protected Status (TPS), humanitarian parole, U or T visa application backlog protections, a Special Immigrant Juvenile Status (SIJS) application deferral, or an active asylum claim.

As many as 4 million immigrants who continue to have protections are people with an active asylum claim. If their cases are closed without a hearing, most will have lost all temporary protections.

Since some immigrants have multiple immigrant protections, the loss of these protections leads to two defined groups: (1) immigrants who have lost all their temporary protections and have moved from a lawful to an unlawful status, or (2) immigrants who remain temporarily protected.

As of March 2026...

an estimated 955,000

immigrants

have lost

all temporary protections

an estimated 5,209,000

immigrants

continue to have

temporary protections

Demographics and Workforce

Industries of Employment

Economic Impacts, In Billions

Estimates are based on immigrant status assignments in the augmented 2024 American Community Survey. For more information on the methodology, see fwd.us/acs-methodology. 

Estimates are as of March 31, 1, 2026. Significant losses in the temporarily protected immigrant population include: the termination of Temporary Protected Status for Afghanistan, Cameroon, Honduras, Nepal, Nicaragua, Somalia, Venezuela , and Yemen; revocation of the CHNV parole policy and those paroled into the country via the CBPOne App; U/T visa applicants still waiting for adjudication since before 2021, as it is expected that a four-year bona fide application assessment leading to deportation deferral and access to work authorization has likely expired.

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